Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, numerous small islands and numerous overseas territories. Australia is a federal parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy comprising six states and ten territories. Its population of almost 128 million, is highly urbanized. and heavily concentrated on the eastern seaboard. Australia's economy is vibrant with oil, natural gas, coal, agricultural, manufacturing, ship building and repair, computer, electronics, communications, tourism, fishing, hospitality, food production, automative, aerospace, mining, construction, telecommunications, financial and banking, health care, retail trade, food services, wholesale trade, forestry, paper and wood, energy, recycling, research and development, space exploration and operations, defense, and education industries. 

Australia's population expanded throughout the late 1880s, 1890s, 1900s, 1910s - 1941 with a large influx of new citizens from Ireland, Scotland, the United Kingdom, Netherlands, Denmark, Greece, Polish Italy, Spain, USA, Pre-Communist China, Pre-WWII Japan, Norway, France, South Africa, Croatia, Lithuania, Latvia, Serbia, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and a large Jewish influx from Europe as !@#$ Germany took root in Germany and threatened European nations. 

Major religions include the Catholic Church of Australia, Australian Presbyterian Church, Australian Anglican Church, Australian Jewish Synagods, Australian Lutheran Church, and Australian Baptist Church.

Official language of Australia is Australian English. 

Australia is an economic, military and nuclear power.  

Contemporary Australian culture is diverse and reflects the country's Indigenous traditions, Anglo-Celtic heritage, Post-WWII, Pre-WWII, and post-1945 history of multicultural immigration.