| History: |
Origins:
By 2160, two dissident movements had formed in opposition to the United Nations and the national governments of Earth across the Solar system; the Koslovics and the Friedens. Despite empowering the United Nations to stem violence from these two new blocs, it only exacerbated it leading to the Jovian Moons Campaign and eventually the dreadful siege known as the Rainforest Wars. In response, in 2163 the United Nations would commission the creation of a military force primarily composed of naval and marine forces. These marine forces would be composed of the spaceborne detachments of several nations. Overall, it was to be a powerful military arm to defend Earth and her colonies called the United Nations Space Command.
Mars Campaign:
In the most spectacular offensive since the start of the bloody tripartite war, UN command adopted a military strategy long-forgotten throughout the peace-dominated period before the outbreak of the Jovian Moons Campaign in 2160 - the "Blitzkrieg"-style lightning ground assault. After capturing both Frieden and Koslovic forces on Mars, the UN delivered the first space-deployed contingent of the newly-established Marines in December of 2163 on a mission to crush communist infantry encampments in the basin of Argyre Planitia, marking a turning point in space warfare through dedicated deployments of Marine forces in ground assaults and ship-boarding operations that would follow during the war.
The offensive was an incontestable success for the UN side. As a result, military theory and strategy implemented the use of Marines in high-priority missions as a baseline for successful operations, especially within the context of larger conflicts.
However, the most important consequence of the anti-totalitarian campaign was of both political and military nature. The United Nations itself did not have a dedicated space military before the Mars Campaign, a lacking element that it would replace with a special emergency military force that would come to represent humanity's overall military might. In the wake of the success of the UNSC Marines on Mars, the UN used its growing influence to not only take control of Earth's national governments but, to also absorb Earth's national military organizations into a single, organized force; the United Nations Space Command was created.
Interplanetary War:
As of 2164, the psychological results of the campaign on Mars were formidable; civilian trust in the newly-formed UNSC military was boosted by massive televised propaganda, providing the UNSC with large waves of enthusiastic volunteers from all military services around the world. A sense of urgency, courage, and hope helped UN forces scramble extraordinary divisions of Marines, infantry, and fliers for a final campaign to annihilate remaining communist and fascist outposts and strongholds on Earth as well as throughout the inner planets and beyond Jupiter. The final campaign for peace lasted from 2164 to 2170 in a series of brutal crackdowns on Frieden and Koslovic hardliners. The result of this war gathered strong civilian support for a powerful international military that could repel revolts and uprisings wherever they may occur. The UNSC emerged as the leading force to further those goals.
UN Victory:
Coincidentally, the war formally ended where it had begun: in the Jovian Moons. The Callisto Treaty was signed in 2170 by commanders of Koslovic and Frieden forces in the presence of UN colonial authorities, definitively ending the 10-year-long conflict with a victory of UNSC forces and democratic leadership.
2170 saw the creation of the first multinational and multicolonial representation of democracy in outer space. Faced with concerns of overpopulation and starvation on Earth, consequently coupled with a looming destabilization of a capitalist economy, the Unified Earth Government—up until then lacking concrete power—was formed into a full-fledged governing body in a time of cultural and military reconstruction.
The brutal ten-year-long war put the spotlight on problems facing the overpopulated Earth, and the Rainforest Wars also exacerbated issues relating to food distribution; this, along with the UN over-militarization that occurred during the war, presented immediate problems for the postwar United Nations Space Command. The ensuing famine and societal issues related to the postwar population boom provided the spark to change the political nature of governance on Earth and elsewhere, leading to widespread political reform.
The Colonial Era:
The pressures engendered by the Interplanetary War made space colonization seem more attractive in subsequent centuries, and the Unified Earth Government would sign off on the first large-scale interstellar colony ship program that was revealed in 2310 to ease the burden of an overpopulated Earth. This would not have been possible without the invention of the Shaw-Fujikawa Translight Engine in 2291, which allowed ships to travel vast distances within a reasonable time by opening portals into Slipstream space. At the same time, the UEG established a separate colonial governing body, the Colonial Administration Authority or CAA, also known as the Colonial Military Administration or CMA, a dedicated military force to police the colonies.
In 2362, the first colony ship, the Odyssey, was launched, beginning the period of human history later known as the Domus Diaspora. This initial colonization effort was concentrated in the Epsilon Eridani system, which would later become one of the centers of humanity's interstellar empire. Vast numbers of citizens and soldiers elected to travel to these new colonies, stabilizing the overpopulation problem on Earth and giving the military new tasks to handle. As the first colonists were stringently selected, the Inner Colonies eventually formed an elite society of the best physical and mental human specimens. A core ring of 210 Inner Colonies was not fully developed until the end of the 24th century.
The apex of this colonization movement would come in 2492 when more than 800 worlds were inside UNSC territory, many of which were targeted for human habitation. These settlements ranged from fairly well-tamed planetary strongholds to tiny hinterland settlements. Meanwhile, planet Reach became the UNSC's primary naval yard and training academy. Reach was a major producer of warships and colony vessels and served as a training ground for covert operatives and Special Forces.
Throughout humanity's interstellar expansion, several alien artifacts were discovered; while unknown at the time, these were the works of a long-vanished civilization known as the Forerunners. However, virtually all of these findings were discreetly concealed by the UNSC's Office of Naval Intelligence, which exerted nearly complete control over the research and information flow about xenoarchaeological discoveries. A noted example is Onyx, originally surveyed as an ideal world for human settlement but declared off-limits by ONI due to the alien technology discovered there.
The Insurrection:
By the final decade of the 25th century, a chain of Outer Colonies was providing the UEG with valuable raw materials; the political power, however, remained with the aforementioned Inner Colonies. These differences in wealth distribution and political power led to new threats of secession from the outer territories. Over time, ideological and political causes resulted in many of the Outer Colonies engaging in open rebellion. A series of brushfire wars across human space sprang up, with hundreds more threatening to erupt. By 2511, UNSC estimates, largely based upon the projections of Dr. Elias Carver, put massive, overwhelming, and uncontrollable rebellion at less than twenty years away.
Military conflicts began disrupting UNSC authority in the Outer Colonies where several uprisings among working-class agriculturalists and other social classes grew unhappy with the UNSC's largely inconsiderate governance. This unrest gave rise to the Insurrectionist movement, a loose collection of violent colonial separatists with the shared goal of liberating the Outer Colonies from the Unified Earth Government's influence. |
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