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| National Factbook |
| Flag: |
|
| Nation Name: |
Amazighland |
| Leader Name: |
Imad jalloul |
| Currency: |
Amazighen Dirham |
| National Animal: |
THE FREEDOM BIRD |
| History: |
The Amazigh, also known as Berbers, are among the oldest inhabitants of North Africa. Their history dates back to approximately 3000 BCE. Originally, they practiced a religion based on solar and lunar deities (or animism), and everyone spoke Amazigh (also known as Tamazight), their native language.
Throughout history, North Africa witnessed various influences, including the arrival of Arab elements during the “Islamic conquests.” Despite this, the Berber community structure remained largely intact. Berbers played a crucial role in the Arab-ruled states, such as the Idrisids. Controversially, some Berber-led states, like the Almoravids and Almohads, did not fully embrace their Amazigh identity, relying heavily on the Arabic language.
The Amazighs are distinguished by their rich cultural heritage but lack scientific writing and knowledge production. Most historical accounts about the Berbers come from foreign writings in Latin and Arabic. However, recent scholars have attempted to write about the Amazighs, relying mainly on these foreign sources. |
| Geography |
| Continent: |
Africa |
| Land Area: |
17,702.74 sq. km |
| Terrain: |
Importance of Land Among the Imazighen:
For the Imazighen (Berber people), land tenure is deeply intertwined with their cultural and economic fabric. It represents the “founding pillar of law and tradition” and is often referred to as “al-asl” (origin and ancestry) due to its spiritual and economic importance1.
Customary land ownership practices define land as a communally-owned resource distributed among tribal members. The assignment of land is based on the terrain rather than fixed area size. A “zouja” indicates the amount of land that can be cultivated by draft animals, while a “zorija” represents a living unit of approximately 30 to 40 acres1.
Although land is not commercially transacted among the Imazighen, the rights to manage a specific parcel of land can be used as collateral for monetary loans. This practice, known as “rahn,” involves allowing usufruct rights in exchange for a loan over a specified period1.
Historical Context:
Throughout history, central authorities (whether Roman, Arab-Islamic, or French) have contested customary land ownership and management practices. The Imazighen have often felt that their communal rights and traditions were disregarded by those in power1.
Despite external pressures, many customary rights and beliefs related to land remain widely acknowledged and observed by Amazigh communities today.
Geographical Considerations:
The terrain of Amazigh lands has influenced settlement patterns. Steep slopes, rocky surfaces, and uneven terrain, combined with arid climates and scarce water supply, led to the maximization of fertile land. As a result, dwellings were often built atop hills and cliffs rather than in valleys2.
In summary, land holds immense cultural and historical significance for the Imazighen, reflecting their identity, traditions, and connection to the earth. It remains a vital aspect of their heritage, even as external forces continue to shape their relationship with the land1.
If you’d like to explore more aspects of Amazigh culture or have any other requests, feel free
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1
eurasiareview.com
2
storymaps.arcgis.com
You
Terrain OF AMAZIGHLAND IN 3000 CHARACTERS
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Certainly! Let’s explore the fascinating terrain of Amazigh lands. The Imazighen, also known as the Berber people, have a rich cultural heritage deeply connected to their land. Here’s a concise overview of the terrain and its significance:
Land Tenure and Cultural Identity:
Land tenure plays a critical role in Amazigh societies. It is not merely about ownership; it represents the very essence of their identity and heritage.
Customary practices define land as a communally-owned resource distributed among tribal members. Land tenure is often referred to as “al-asl,” signifying origin and ancestry.
For the Imazighen, land is the “founding pillar of law and tradition” (azarf) and holds both spiritual and economic importance1.
Customary Land Ownership:
Traditional land assignment is based on terrain rather than fixed area size. A “zouja” represents the amount of land that can be cultivated by draft animals, while a “zorija” is a living unit of approximately 30 to 40 acres.
Imazighen do not engage in commercial land transactions. Instead, land rights are managed within the community, reflecting communal, tribal, and familial ties.
Interestingly, land can be used as collateral for monetary loans through a practice called “rahn,” where usufruct rights are exchanged for a loan over a specified period1.
Historical Context:
Throughout history, central authorities (whether Roman, Arab-Islamic, or French) have contested customary land practices. The Imazighen often felt that their communal rights and traditions were disregarded.
Despite external pressures, many customary beliefs persist, emphasizing the enduring connection between the Imazighen and their land.
Geographical Features:
The terrain varies across Amazigh lands. Steep slopes, rocky surfaces, and uneven topography characterize the region.
Arid climates and scarce water supply influenced settlement patterns. Dwellings were strategically built atop hills and cliffs rather than in valleys.
Maximizing fertile land was essential, leading to the choice of elevated locations for habitation. |
| Highest Peak: |
MT.Toubkal, 4 meters |
| Lowest Valley: |
, 0 meters |
| Climate: |
Challenging Environment:
The Drâa-Tafilalet region experiences extreme conditions due to its arid climate. Harsh desert landscapes, intense heat, and limited water sources define the environment.
Summers are scorching, with temperatures soaring. The lack of vegetation exacerbates the heat, making it challenging for both humans and animals.
Water Scarcity and Drought:
The Amazigh nomads traditionally rely on seasonal migration patterns. They graze their flocks in the valley floor during winters and move to the mountains when summer arrives.
However, recent climate changes have disrupted this delicate balance. Four years of persistent drought have devastated the region, affecting water availability and vegetation.
Wells and small springs that sustain the nomads have dried up, leaving them with limited resources. Snowfall, once a lifeline, has become scarce.
Impact on Livelihoods:
The nomads’ livelihoods depend on livestock. With less vegetation, their animals suffer, and selling livestock at markets has become difficult.
Basic necessities like flour, sugar, and vegetables have become unaffordable due to reduced income from livestock sales.
Families face tough choices: abandon their nomadic traditions and move to urban centers in search of jobs, healthcare, and education, or cling to their ancestral way of life despite the challenges.
Cultural Resilience:
Despite adversity, the Amazigh people continue to uphold their identity. Their language, customs, and traditions remain integral.
Morocco’s recognition of Amazigh culture, including the official recognition of the Amazigh language and the celebration of Yennayer (the Amazigh New Year), reflects progress. |
| People & Society |
| Population: |
898,130 people |
| Demonym: |
Amazigh |
| Demonym Plural: |
Imazighen |
| Ethnic Groups: |
Amazigh - 99.0% |
| Languages: |
Tamazight - 97.0% |
| Religions: |
ISLAM - 80.0% |
| Health |
| Life Expectancy: |
75 years |
| Obesity: |
30% |
| Alcohol Users: |
80% |
| Tobacco Users: |
50% |
| Cannabis Users: |
76% |
| Hard Drug Users: |
0% |
| Economy |
| Description: |
|
| Average Yearly Income: |
$49.69 |
| Gross Domestic Product (GDP): |
$1,147,165,316.00 |
| GDP per Capita: |
$1,277.28 |
| Gross National Income (GNI): |
$871,491,520.00 |
| Industries: |
|
| Military |
| History: |
|
| Soldiers: |
0 |
| Tanks: |
0 |
| Aircraft: |
0 |
| Ships: |
0 |
| Missiles: |
0 |
| Nuclear Weapons: |
0 |
| Last Updated: 05/05/2024 07:15 am |
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